The United States is currently grappling with a significant surge in norovirus cases, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting over 90 outbreaks during the week of December 5, 2024—a substantial increase from the 41 outbreaks reported in the same week the previous year.

Understanding Norovirus

Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes sudden gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. It is the leading cause of food borne illness in the U.S., responsible for approximately 50% of all outbreaks of food-related illness.

Recent Outbreaks and Affected Regions

The current surge has been particularly pronounced in certain states. California reported the highest number of cases, followed by Florida, New York, and Virginia.

Notably, the CDC has identified several outbreaks linked to contaminated shellfish. In December 2024, oysters and clams harvested by Rudy’s Shellfish in Washington State were recalled due to norovirus contamination. These products were distributed to restaurants and retailers across multiple states, including Arizona, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, and Washington.

Preventive Measures

To mitigate the spread of norovirus, health authorities recommend:

Hand Hygiene: Regular and thorough hand washing with soap and water, especially after using the restroom and before eating or preparing food.

Food Safety: Ensuring that shellfish are cooked to an internal temperature of at least 145°F (63°C) and avoiding the consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish.

Surface Disinfection: Regularly cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces, particularly in communal settings.

Symptoms and Treatment

Symptoms of norovirus typically appear 12 to 48 hours after exposure and last one to three days. While there is no specific antiviral treatment, staying hydrated is crucial. In severe cases, medical attention may be necessary to prevent dehydration.

Conclusion

The recent surge in norovirus cases underscores the importance of stringent hygiene practices and food safety measures, especially during the holiday season when gatherings and travel are common. By adhering to recommended preventive strategies, individuals can help reduce the spread of this highly contagious virus.